Nepal's digital transformation in TB surveillance marks a pivotal achievement in public health, enabling real-time reporting, enhancing data use, and improving service delivery. Continued investment in robust infrastructure, seamless interoperability, and cloud migration is expected to further amplify the program’s effectiveness and sustainability, while acknowledging that although a formal data protection policy is not yet established, significant efforts are in place to safeguard patient information and ensure privacy.

Significant increase in GeneXpert testing over the past five years has led to higher EP case notifications and a decline in drug-resistant TB prevalence among EP cases. These findings highlight the critical role of molecular diagnostics in improving TB control, especially for EPTB, and emphasize the need for continued investment in diagnostic infrastructure to sustain progress toward TB elimination.