Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world's most serious infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. The disease has become rare in high income countries, but is still a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one-third of the world's populations are infected with TB. Each year, there are over nine million cases of TB and almost 1.8 million TB-related deaths worldwide. Furthermore, TB is one of the leading causes of death in HIV-infected people.Methods: Analytical cross- sectional study design was using to preventive practices of tuberculosis patient in Chitwan districts, This study was Quantitative method. Study population of this study was suffering from tuberculosis and taking Anti-TB medicine from different DOTS center of Chitwan. Patents who were taking anti-TB drugs from different DOTS centers were the study population.Results: In this study showed that the practice of the 36.4% respondents had poor practice and 63.6% had good practice.​Conclusions: This study concludes that the majority of the respondents who are male by gender, low economic class (janajati), and whose religion is Hindu, had a high prevalence of tuberculosis. The burden of tuberculosis is high among labour and joint types of families. The majority of respondents had pulmonary tuberculosis. A tuberculosis cause was found by examination. The majority of the respondents have heard about tuberculosis and the majority of the respondents asked about pathogenic organisms which cause tuberculosis.Variables Frequency(%)practice for sputum disposal before**Indiscriminate spitting222(78.4)Using paper/handkerchief57(20.1)Disposing in dustbin/waste32(11.3)practice for the disposal of sputum nowIndiscriminate spitting73(25.61)Using paper/handkerchief90(31.5)Disposing in dustbin79(27.7)Burning54(18.94)