Using TB LAMP as the primary diagnostic tool reduces costs while maintaining quality. It is recommended for high-burden, resource-limited settings and should be scaled nationally to improve diagnostic coverage and optimize funding.

The WOW Truck initiative in Bauchi state represents a novel model for delivering TB and general healthcare services to nomadic communities. Its success in increasing TB case detection underscores the importance of mobile health interventions in addressing health disparities. While the initial outcomes in Bauchi State are encouraging, sustained funding and strategic expansion are essential to capitalize on its full potential to contribute to the eradication of TB in Nigeria

Low DR-TB detection in children under five is driven by technical and socio-cultural barriers. Improved caregiver’s willingness for post-sensitization highlights the value of community engagement. Scaling caregiver education, culturally tailored awareness, and health worker training—while leveraging influences and support groups—can boost stool sample uptake and early diagnosis in this group.

Targeted TB testing should be prioritized to increase yield, especially amongst high-risk populations. We recommend tailoring TB screening strategies and prioritizing resource allocation based on risk profile and TB yield within hospital settings, as this supports global efforts toward universal health coverage and ensures inclusive access to care, leaving no one behind.